What California requires
- Every construction employer keeps an effective Injury and Illness Prevention Program under section 3203, which includes scheduled periodic inspections to identify unsafe conditions and work practicesCal. Code Regs., tit. 8, s. 1509 (a) ยท Cal. Code Regs., tit. 8, s. 3203 (a) (4)
- The record of each scheduled periodic inspection includes the person or persons conducting itCal. Code Regs., tit. 8, s. 3203 (b) (1)
- The inspection record includes the unsafe conditions and work practices identified and the action taken to correct themCal. Code Regs., tit. 8, s. 3203 (b) (1)
- Inspection records are kept for at least one year (employers with fewer than 10 employees may keep them only until the hazard is corrected)Cal. Code Regs., tit. 8, s. 3203 (b) (1) and exception
- Every employer adopts a written Code of Safe Practices for its operations, posted at each job site office or given to each supervisory employee; management holds periodic supervisor meetings on safety problems and accidents, and supervisors hold toolbox or tailgate safety meetings with their crews at least every 10 working daysCal. Code Regs., tit. 8, s. 1509 (b) to (e)
- Before its employees are on site, the employer makes a thorough survey of site conditions to determine the predictable hazards and the safeguards needed; no worker is required or knowingly permitted to work in an unsafe place except to make it safe, after proper precautionsCal. Code Regs., tit. 8, s. 1511
- New workers are instructed on the hazards and precautions of their work and directed to read the Code of Safe Practices; only qualified persons operate equipment and machinery; workers exposed to known site hazards are taught to recognize them, protect themselves and give first aidCal. Code Regs., tit. 8, s. 1510
- Approved personal fall arrest, fall restraint or positioning systems are worn by employees exposed to falling more than 7 1/2 feet from the perimeter of a structure, unprotected sides and edges, leading edges, shaftways and openings, sloped roofs steeper than 7:12 or other surfaces steeper than 40 degrees, where they are not otherwise adequately protected; roofing operations have their own rules (section 1730)Cal. Code Regs., tit. 8, s. 1670 (a)
- Personal fall arrest systems are inspected before each use for wear, damage and other deterioration, with defective components removed from service, and inspected at least twice a year by a competent person following the manufacturer's recommendations, with the date of each inspection documented; the employer provides for prompt rescue after a fallCal. Code Regs., tit. 8, s. 1670 (b) (14), (15), (19)
- A Cal/OSHA annual or project permit is required to construct trenches or excavations 5 feet or deeper into which anyone must descend, and to erect scaffolding, vertical shoring or falsework intended to be more than 36 feet high; on structures intended to be more than 36 feet high, the project administrator holds a project permit for structural steel or member erection, decking, curtain walls and panels, concrete on steel and structural framing; demolishing a structure over 36 feet also needs permitsCal. Code Regs., tit. 8, s. 341 (d) (3) to (5)
- Excavation may not begin until the excavator has marked the area as Government Code section 4216.2 requires and has received a positive response from every known operator of subsurface installations in the area; regional notification centers and non-member owners are told of the work at least 2 working days before digging, except in emergenciesCal. Code Regs., tit. 8, s. 1541 (b) (1) (A), (b) (2)
Inspections and their records
Every construction employer keeps an Injury and Illness Prevention Program that includes scheduled periodic inspections for unsafe conditions and work practices. Each inspection record names who inspected, the unsafe conditions and practices found, and what was done to correct them, and it is kept for at least one year. Employers with fewer than 10 employees may keep it only until the hazard is fixed.
Before employees arrive, the employer surveys the site for predictable hazards and the safeguards needed, and nobody works in an unsafe place except to make it safe.
Code of Safe Practices and tailgate meetings
Each employer adopts a written Code of Safe Practices, posted at the job site office or carried by every supervisor. Supervisors hold toolbox or tailgate safety meetings with their crews at least every 10 working days, and management meets with supervisors from time to time about safety problems and accidents. New workers learn the hazards of their work and read the Code, and only qualified people run equipment.
Falls, trenches and permits
Personal fall protection is worn where workers could fall more than 7 1/2 feet from a structure's perimeter, open sides and edges, leading edges, shafts and openings, or steep roofs, unless they are otherwise protected. Harnesses and lanyards are checked before each use and inspected by a competent person at least twice a year, with the dates written down.
Trenches and excavations 5 feet or deeper that anyone enters need a Cal/OSHA permit, as do scaffolding and falsework over 36 feet and several kinds of work on structures over 36 feet. Digging does not start until the area is marked and every known utility operator has answered, with the regional notification center told at least 2 working days ahead.
Common mistakes
- Throwing away inspection records before a year has passed.
- Letting more than 10 working days go by without a tailgate meeting.
- Using the federal 6-foot rule instead of California's 7 1/2 feet, or ignoring the steep roof trigger.
- Opening a trench 5 feet or deeper that workers enter without a Cal/OSHA permit.
- Not recording the twice-yearly competent person inspection of harnesses and lanyards.
Sources
- Cal. Code Regs., tit. 8, s. 1509 (a), checked October 12, 2026
- Cal. Code Regs., tit. 8, s. 3203 (a) (4), checked October 12, 2026
- Cal. Code Regs., tit. 8, s. 3203 (b) (1), checked October 12, 2026
- Cal. Code Regs., tit. 8, s. 3203 (b) (1) and exception, checked October 12, 2026
- Cal. Code Regs., tit. 8, s. 1509 (b) to (e), checked October 12, 2026
- Cal. Code Regs., tit. 8, s. 1511, checked October 12, 2026
- Cal. Code Regs., tit. 8, s. 1510, checked October 12, 2026
- Cal. Code Regs., tit. 8, s. 1670 (a), checked October 12, 2026
- Cal. Code Regs., tit. 8, s. 1670 (b) (14), (15), (19), checked October 12, 2026
- Cal. Code Regs., tit. 8, s. 341 (d) (3) to (5), checked October 12, 2026
- Cal. Code Regs., tit. 8, s. 1541 (b) (1) (A), (b) (2), checked October 12, 2026
Last reviewed October 12, 2026. Next review due January 12, 2027. This page explains published rules to help you write your report. It is not legal advice; the official text linked above governs.